Paraiba Tourmaline

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Tourmaline is a gem which has been popular since the days of the Roman Empire.
Tourmaline belongs to the trigonal (three sided) crystal ideas and occurs as
long, slender to thick columnar crystals that are normally triangular in
cross-section. No other coarse mineral has three sides. This mineral group is
chemically one of the most complex groups of silicate minerals.

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The wide variety of colors is caused by separate elements occurring in tourmaline.
Usually, iron-rich tourmalines are black to bluish-black to deep brown, while
magnesium-rich varieties are brown to yellow, and lithium-rich tourmalines are
practically any color: blue, green, red, yellow, pink etc. Rarely, tourmaline is
colorless. Bi-colored and multicolored crystals are relatively common. Crystals
may be green at one end and pink at the other, or green on the covering and pink inside; this contrast is called watermelon tourmaline. Some forms of tourmaline
are dichroic (they appear to change color when viewed from separate
directions).

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In 1989, Brazilian miners discovered a unique and brightly colored variety of
tourmaline. The new type of tourmaline was found in the state of Paraiba and
soon became known as Paraiba tourmaline. This new find excited many with its
vivid blue and green colors. These new iridescent colors were often described as
"neon" since they appeared to glow.

Paraiba Tourmaline

Gemologists discovered that the vivid color of Paraiba tourmaline was due to the
presence of copper. This was unlike any of the other varieties where copper is
rarely if ever present. Paraiba tourmaline also often contains manganese. The interaction in the middle of copper and manganese creates the gorgeous colors of this variety.

In the late 90s, copper-bearing tourmaline was found in Nigeria. This material was
generally pale and less saturated than the Brazilian materials although it was
much less included than the Brazilian variety. A more up-to-date discovery from
Mozambique has also produced gorgeous tourmaline colored by copper, similar to
the Brazilian Paraiba tourmaline. Mozambique Paraiba is often less included and
has been found in larger sizes. There is a indispensable overlap in color and
clarity with Mozambique Paraiba and Brazilian Paraiba. Some Mozambique material
sells for over ,000 per carat wholesale, which is still extremely high
compared to other tourmalines.

The provide of the Mozambique variety is uncertain at this point; the consensus seems to be that there is plentifulness of lighter material available, but very few large stones or stones of
highly saturated color. provide will decrease with time. Meanwhile, there seems
to be an increasing quiz, for this gorgeous gem. There are normally striking
specimens available at larger gem shows. These remarkable stones are a sight not to
be missed and well worth the time to see them when they are available.

Paraiba Tourmaline No URL

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